1.0. Introduction

This document serves to provide guidelines on production and broadcasting of content in line with the mission and objectives of ONE ACCORD Television. As such, it contains sections on how to report on a wide range of social, cultural, political, economic and many other issues in Kenya and beyond. It also outlines how we should address challenges that we may face in our work, including legal issues as well as conflicts.

1.1.1 One Accord TV Background

ONE ACCORD HISTORY & BACKGROUND

The One Accord Network LTD was founded by Bishop Dr. Mark Kariuki, The General Overseer of Deliverance Churches in 2018. One Accord TV went on air in March 2019, broadcasting on PANG platform. Currently it is broadcasting on PANG and SIGNET platforms with a nationwide coverage. One Accord TV operates from Nairobi Central (CBD)

One Accord TV offers transformative & entertaining content that appeals to various age demographics. One Accord TV focuses on the following pillars of content

• Talk Shows
• Music
• Preaching
• Kids

 To work effectively, we must adhere to acceptable standards of broadcast journalism. Therefore, this document outlines the values, principles and standards which shall guide our broadcasting practice in order to help our audiences make informed decisions about their lives. In this way, our programs can help our audience take action necessary to improve and sustain their standards of living. Important to note is that these guidelines are not the law but ethical or moral operational principles, values and standards of the station.

The editorial and production guidelines should enable us to, firstly, achieve our broadcast objectives, and secondly, harmonize our right to access information and freedom of expression with our obligations to the masses we serve. Additionally, all members of staff and other persons contracted to work with the station should respect the fundamental freedoms and rights of individuals as guaranteed by the Kenyan constitution.

1.1.2 Fundamental Rights

In this regard, we should also aim to promote, uphold and create awareness on these rights. The rights and freedoms in the bill of rights are meant to ‘fulfill the national goals, values and principles by preserving the dignity of individuals and communities, promoting social justice and realising the potential of all human beings’. Among these rights are:

• The right to life
• Protection from inhuman treatment
• Protection of young persons from exploitation
• Protection of The right to personal liberty
• Protection of privacy of person, home and property
• Protection of freedom of conscience/religion
• Freedom of expression
• Access to information
• Protection of freedom of assembly and association

 All content producers should comply with the editorial and production guidelines contained here in line with the station’s set objectives.

When our stand on accuracy, impartiality and fairness in public interest brings us into conflict with the law, we should seek the guidance of senior editors as well as take note of;

        a. The effects on the station for violating legal statutes

        b. The implication on people concerned

        c. Future reporting of an issue

Any individual can sue the station for defamation when they feel that we have injured their reputation. As such we should take note of statutory provisions on defamation to ensure that our programming does not portray people in a manner in which they

are likely to take legal action against us or that we have evidence to support our claims.

Reports of the trial itself are safe so long as they are fair and accurate. We should be aware of statutory provisions that protect the judicial system from any comments or publications that might impact on proceedings. failure to observe such laws can result in the us being charged with Contempt of Court

1.1.3 Public Interest

Relatedly, we should seek the authority of the station management to undertake assignments in circumstances where the mode of obtaining information for public interest, intrudes on the rights and freedoms of individuals. Public interest may be said to exist, when actions of individuals, institutions or groups have the potential to harm or to cause a disturbance or breach of among other things:

National or community security

        a. Morals

        b. The environment

        c. Health of citizens

        d. Cultural values

        e. Religious/spiritual values

1.1.4 The ONE ACCORD Editorial Team

The ONE ACCORD Editorial Team shall ensure that content producers adhere to the editorial and production guidelines outlined in this document. Led by the Head of TV , membership to the editorial team shall include only the trained journalists. The team will include but not limited to the following;

        a. Head of TV

        b. Producers

        c. Directors

        d. Editors

        e. Volunteers and interns

1.1.5 Responsibilities of the Editorial Committee

The editorial team is mandated to;

        a. Guide content producers on how to translate these guidelines in practice

        b. Set standards on how to respond to challenging matters

        c. Address matters raised by members of the public

        d. Regularly appraise the guidelines to keep with developments in broadcast practice, the law and national value systems.

        e. Determine when the guidelines may or may not be used or referred to in executing assignments in the interest of serving the nation better

        f. Determine how to address controversial or challenging content within the established referral system

        g. Develop guidelines for specific policy areas such as conflict of interest as well as advice notes

1.1.6 The Referral system

The referral system is the hierarchy of communication between producers of content and the station’s authorities. It is made up of the editorial team, management and the board. The role of the editorial team is to make decisions on content that is controversial, challenging or has legal implications.

1.1.7 Mandatory referrals

By mandatory referrals is meant the procedure where content producers/program makers are under obligation to seek guidance from the editorial team, senior management staff, the board and legal experts.

        1) Producers are mandated to seek guidance on, but not limited to these matters;

               a. Any proposal to work outside the established Editorial Guidelines.

               b. Any proposal to disregard internal legal advice in order to better serve audiences.

               c. Broadcast of programs which although legally acceptable, may raise editorial issues, such as when children are involved.

d. Serious allegations proved to be in public interest, against individuals or organisations who have not been availed the opportunity to respond

e. A drama or any program that depicts an individual in a way that may provoke them, without that person’s consent or their next of kin

1.1.8 Stakeholders of One Accord Network Group LTD

In all our broadcast work we aim to serve our audiences with the highest levels of integrity, independence and commitment in order to ensure that people have the information that enables them to make informed choices and decisions.

We shall endeavor to segment our audiences in many categories according to their needs. The table below summaries our view of the different segments of our audiences.

Stakeholder Identification Table

Stakeholder category Description Stakeholder group Interests at stake in relation to our work Key These are potential and existing stakeholders that are critical to the continuation of our programming

Our primary stakeholder is the Christian community, especially members of Deliverance Churches Countrywide

2.0 EDITORIAL INTEGRITY AND INDEPENDENCE

2.1.1 Policy Statement

One Accord Network LTD is accountable to the our audiences the station is established to serve and the nation and the Church of Jesus Christ. In order to better serve our audiences, it is important that we do not compromise our editorial integrity and independence by departing from the editorial and production guidelines contained here.

We should be careful not to allow ourselves to be unduly influenced by people or events that would erode our ability to effectively and efficiently serve our audiences.

To strengthen our reputation as a credible and unbiased station, we should be aware that there are both internal and external factors that can compromise our position if we submit to their interests. Such interest may be governmental, political, commercial or even personal. We should also be alert to the possibility of being influenced by board members or other senior staff.

Therefore our broadcasts should reflect our value for integrity and independence at all times.

2.1.2 Sponsorship of Programs

A program is considered sponsored when its production and broadcast is paid for by an individual or organization with the aim of promoting its activities. However, regardless of the sponsorship, we should maintain editorial authority.

• When handling sponsored programs, we should have editorial control, ensuring that the content of program is given dominance over commercial slots of the sponsor.
• When we present sponsored programs, we should mention the name of the sponsor except where there is a request not to.

2.1.3 Infomercials

Infomercials are long programs or short announcements of either public or business nature designed to inform or educate the people on particular matters. Public service announcements fall in the family of infomercials. We should signpost information to ensure they are differentiated from other program material.

2.1.4 Sponsorship of News and Current Affairs Programs

News and current affairs programs occupy very important positions in our programming and are among the most widely listened to programs. When sponsored, there are high chances of the sponsoring organizations exerting undue influence on the production process thereby giving rise to possibilities of the station’s independence and integrity. Therefore to preserve the editorial independence and integrity of One Accord Network Group LTD, and our responsibility to the audience, our news and current affairs programs must only be approved by the editorial team and not the content sponsor. Our content must maintain its integrity with or without a sponsor.

In the interest of maintaining our credibility, we shall not accept sponsorship of news and current affairs programs. However we can allow commercial advertisements in the course of such programs (as long as they do not relate to the content) as well as sponsorship of sports news and weather forecasts

2.1.5 Advertising and Commercials

To sustain our operations, One Accord Network Group LTD shall accept commercial advertising as long they do not compromise editorial control. However we shall not accept advertisers with known illegal activities.

Where entertainment and other non journalistic program presenters support sponsored products, we should make it clear that such support does not necessary represent One Accord Network Group LTD.

2.1.6 Promotional material

For promotional stores from outside sources, we should ensure that we broadcast such stories based on editorial justification.

2.1.7 Using products as props in entertainment programs

When there is editorial justification, we can make reference to branded products, services or organization in entertainment programs. However we should ensure that such products do not gain undue importance over others.

2.1.8 Use of free & reduced cost facilities, products, services & props

One Accord Network Group LTD shall not allow any of its staff to accept incentives from suppliers for personal gain.

In the production and broadcast of programs, we may incur costs on travel, lodging or use of facilities. Although, ideally we should pay for the costs, we can accept reduced fees or free offers on certain programs, such as those to do with entertainment or consumer lifestyle. As such in cases where we accept such arrangements, we should;

a. Document the transactions accurately

b. Accept reasonable discounts

c. Avoid promises to feature a product or service in exchange for discounts or free offers

d. Request suppliers not to use ONE ACCORD Media name in their advertisements

2.1.9 Media facility & fact finding trips

We should only accept to be part of paid for trips only for exclusive stories. Should we take part in such trips, we seek guidance from the media management.

To make reference, on-air, to an organization which has paid for our trip, we should ensure there is editorial justification

2.2.0 Covering Political Figures and Parties in field operations

When covering political leaders on campaigns, we should only do so at their expense if there is no other way, and with approval from senior staff at the One Accord Network Group LTD. However should we accept paid for trips, we ensure that our coverage is not influenced in favor of the sponsor.

2.2.1 Undue prominence & contributors

When we feature contributors on programs to promote a product, we should ensure that the product remains the focus of discussion

2.2.2 Games shows & competitions

When we carry out game shows and competitions, we should do so with fairly and with respect to participants. We should also publish the rules of the game

2.2.3 Conflicts of interest

To preserve our status as a credible media station, members of staff, and the management are expected to avoid any behavior, attitudes or activities, even when off duty, that could compromise our status in the light of the audience. examples of such behavior may include expressing views that reflect biasness or stance on a contentious issue. Although this may be done at individual capacity, it may be seen as representing our position as a media station.

2.2.4 Handling Commercial Interests

We should ensure that our production and broadcast of any programs is not based on commercial or finance interests of staff at the One Accord Network Group LTD. Such conflicts can arise when staff undertake private assignments similar to our work as consultants or have significant shares in other broadcast media organizations

2.2.5 Handling Personal Benefits and Gifts

For ethical reasons we should avoid using the information to trade ahead of the market when covering financial markets. Similarly, we should not accept personal gifts or benefits from people we cover to avoid conflicts of interest

2.2.6 On-Air Talent and Commercial Advertising

When advertisers or companies engage presenters to support their products, they should

        a. Ensure that their work does not portray ONE ACCORD Media as being biased

        b. Avoid reviewing the product in the programs they present

        c. Observe the rules required of them as presenters

Disc Jockeys (DJs) should avoid taking their presence on the station to promote their concerts or themselves

2.2.7 Dealing with presenters of News Consumer and Current Affairs Programs

To avoid conflict of interests, news presenters and reporters should refrain from endorsing products

2.2.8 Political Activities

To preserve our credibility, staff serving in any capacity of One Accord Network Group LTD should avoid active participation in political activities or supporting partisan views.

2.2.9 Community Causes and charitable initiatives

Although One Accord Network Group LTD will take part in charity activities and programs aimed at improving the wellbeing of vulnerable, we shall retain editorial independence to ensure the station is not used to advance hidden agendas on the part of civil society. In addition we shall support fundraising activities or programs aimed at assisting people in distress, raising awareness on certain causes or advocating social action.

3.0 ACCURACY

3.1.1 Policy Statement

Our commitment to the truth is in line with the religious and spiritual teachings.

On account of the foregoing, we are committed to upholding the values of truth and accuracy in the production and presentation of information. To this effect, we should rely on credible sources of information and evidence. When we are ignorant or unaware of facts, we should state so to maintain sincerity in our work. This will serve to strengthen our character as a credible media station.

To attain accuracy, we need to:

a. Be present at the occurrence of an event. Where this is not possible, gather information from primary sources or people who witnessed the event, wherever possible. However, this information should be cross checked with other sources to ensure consistency. Where there is only a single source, ensure that source is named.

b. Consult various sources of information.

c. Verify the authenticity of documentary evidence and digital material.

d. Verifying claims and allegations made by contributors wherever possible.

e. Only qualified and experienced personnel shall write and edit news and where an unqualified person writes a story or produces a program, the news editor or program manager shall verify the information

3.1.2 Finding contributors

Contributors are the people we interview, actors, discussants or even secret information providers. To find a contributor, it is important to work with news or other specialist agencies. However we should verify the information provided to us. It is also important to avoid using third party websites except when seeking contestants or audiences for entertainment programs.

3.1.3 Advertising to find contributors

We can use adverts to find contributors for non-entertainment programs only when other methods have proved ineffective. Such adverts or appeals should be packaged in a manner that avoids damaging the image of One Accord Network Group LTD. When we get responses to the adverts, we should screen them to ensure we get suitable people. For entertainment programs like drama where it might be imperative that actors are sought from a diversity of backgrounds, it is advisable to advertise for contestants, although they can still be subjected to screening.

3.1.4 Checking contributors

It is important to check the credibility of our contributors in line with the character and relevance of their contribution and genre. Should it be necessary to get detailed references of our contributors, more than one member of the station should be involved. To effectively gather the required details, the members can use the checklist below;

        a. Is the documentary evidence consistent with the contributor’s identity and story?

        b. Have you corroborated the story with people other than those suggested by the contributor?

        c. Have they declared personal information, which may be damaging to the reputation of the station?

3.1.4 Note taking

Note taking plays a significant role in information gathering and processing and can impact on the quality of our programming. As such, it is important that we take accurate and reliable notes and other relevant information of all significant programming events. Notes can be used to keep records of research activities, interviews, information from anonymous sources and contributors. Notes that should be kept should be about;

        a. Written and electronic communication which should be presented in a way that makes it easy for double checking at scripting stage

        b. Accurate interviews or conversations with contributors and anonymous sources. Ideally, we should aim to keep electronic recordings.

        c. information from an anonymous sources making serious allegations

3.1.5 Verifying information

It is important that the station authenticates any information, including that obtained from documents of the internet before it is used. This may be done by consulting with the sources of the information for a confirmation.

3.1.6 Digital manipulation

In using digital material such as photographs, documents, video or audio information, we shall aim to represent facts as they are to avoid misleading the audience. In so doing we shall seek to preserve sincerity and authenticity of material

3.1.7 Identifying sources

In the interest of our audiences, we should provide credentials of our contributors and sources. This is important because it can help the audience to make informed opinions about the matter at hand.

3.1.8 Protecting sources

We shall protect anonymous sources by ensuring that we have no recorded details, written or electronic, that identifies a source in anyway. This takes account of administrative documents as well as personal information. In guaranteeing protection to a source, the station and the source should agree on the extent to which they can be exposed. For sources making serious allegations, we should avail senior editors or when necessary the management with their details. We should also provide the audience with information about the source, which should only be enough to validate their allegation, without exposing their identity.

To this effect, the source should be assured of confidentiality. Should it be necessary to use the source’s actual voice or writing, it may be essential to render it unidentifiable and untraceable to them. But this approach should be explained to audiences.

Relatedly, the station shall protect identities of its contributors in cases where material produced for One Accord Network Group LTD is rebroadcast on other platforms eg. From TV to radio or vice versa or on social media platforms.

We shall guarantee protection of anonymous sources to the extent to which they respect the agreement. Therefore, the only circumstance under which the identity of a source shall be revealed is when the source purposely uses the station to injure others, or damage the reputation of the station.

3.1.9 Reporting allegations

In the event that we should obtain information from a single unnamed source or conceal the identity of a contributor, we should seek the approval of senior staff. To approve the plan, we should take note of;

        a. The presence of public interest

        b. Credibility of the source

        c. Legal implications of broadcasting such material

        d. Security concerns

        e. Any reactions to the accusations

        f. the scripting of allegation to ensure it clearly shows that One Accord Network Group LTD is not the source of the allegation and that it has been confirmed independently

3.2.0 Misleading audiences

We should provide the audience with material that is not only factual but also unambiguous enough to avoid misleading them.

3.2.1 Reconstructions

A reconstruction refers to the act of re-staging events to represent factual events in programs. When we use reconstructions, we should inform our audience at the beginning and at the end of the program. In terms of use, reconstructions can be used in a variety of programs except news or current affairs to avoid misleading the audience. Infographics and illustrations can however be used during news and current affairs programs.

3.2.2 Use of third party material in news & factual output

Third party material refers to information that we may not have collected ourselves because we were not present on the scene or we did not interview the original source. So third party material can be:

        a. Information given by any other person other than the original source.

        b. Information from websites, journals, newspapers e.t.c

        c. Library materials

When we use third party material we should observe the following;

        a. Credibility and reliability of the material such as information on weather, finance, sports or music.

        b. Editorial justification should determine the broadcast of material from third parties with personal or professional interest in the subject matter. Examples of such material are emergency services, charities and environmental groups. As much as possible, we should strive to gather material ourselves rather than rely on third party audio news releases. Where we have to use third party material, there should be an editorial explanation and attribution to the source where necessary.

3.2.3 Use of library material in news & factual output

Information from library sources can be used in news and factual output to exemplify an issue. When using library sources, we should;

        a. State the source of the information to show clear separation of our information and that obtained from the library. This serves to avoid confusing audiences

        b. Use library material for one event only

We should avoid using outdated library material such as sound bites to exemplify stories of people or places, for example.

3.2. 4 Use of library material in dramas & drama documentaries

When we use library material in drama and drama documentaries editorial justification is required. Where it is necessary to use such material, we should respect the identity of recognizable people by avoiding their exposure to embarrassment or offence. Similarly we should exercise caution when handling material that may provoke emotional reactions, such as distressing events. To this effect, we should inform contributors of our intentions to use such material. However before re-using library material we ensure that all original consents and restrictions are still in effect.

3.2.5 Archive material

When we intend to repeat past programs in their initial versions, we should take note of previous facts which may now be inaccurate in the light of new information or may be outdated. We should inform our audience of the nature of such material including when it was aired for the first time.

When re-using archive material, we should edit it where necessary to ensure fairness to individuals or organizations who may be affected by such information.

3.2.6 Reporting statistics & risks

When reporting statistics and risks, we should;

a. Relate them in context without causing alarm specifically on issues to do with health and crime

b. Name the source of figures

c. State the margin of error to allow audiences to draw their own conclusions

d. Ensure that there is a balance of arguments to lessen the emotional impact of personal testimony on perception of risk

e. Use the value of accuracy to support a contributor whose opinion maybe contrary to majority understanding

3.2.7 Addressing errors and inaccuracies

In the interest of serving our audiences fairly, we should take immediate action to correct errors or misrepresentation of information. For offensive inaccuracies, it is important to seek the guidance of the senior editor or Editorial Committee.

3.2.8 Updating programs

Prior to broadcast of pre-recorded or repeat programs, be sure to check for information developments which may be relevant to the program. As such, it may be necessary to make changes to the program to accommodate new information.

4.0 Impartiality, Fairness and Diversity of Opinion

4.1.1 Policy Statement

In order to meet our broadcast objectives fairly, One Accord Network Group LTD shall recognize the fact that our audience members have different expectations, needs and interests. To this effect we should plan for a wide range of programs in order to meet the needs of our audiences. This will also enable the audience access information that can help them be active participants in development of their own communities and the nation at large.

In order be fair and impartial we shall endeavor to:

a. Collect accurate data

b. Avoid biasness on public, political or industrial issues and provide professional judgment only as needed

c. Be factual in reporting issues

d. Allow for diversity of views and opinions to be expressed on our station

e. Allocate equal time to different interest groups to express their views

f. Treat all parties fairly

g. Ask similar questions to different opposing groups for fairness

h. Work with different contributors including professionals and non-professionals

As we make content for our programs, we shall, in our collection and communication of information ensure that they promote the values of impartiality and inclusiveness because the stations target audience comprise people from a diversity of backgrounds who are likely to also hold diverse views. It is important therefore, in order to be impartial and respect this diversity of opinion on important community and national matters that: we should be accurate and impartial when handling contentious issues. Unless on Christianity matters that we are an authority, at no point should we use the platform to voice our own opinions or beliefs on political or community matters that can make us look biased.

a. Where there are opposing views over an issue, we should provide a platform to all parties involved to express their positions.

b. A tall costs, we will only broadcast one side of a conflicting view when it is justifiably impossible to get all sides of the argument. This will be done when one party to the view declines to speak to us.

c. We should provide a platform for a diversity of views as long as they are not in conflict with our values

d. We should maintain an impartial tone on matters where communities seem to have different views

e. In providing space to people whose views maybe offensive, we should base our decision on public interest

f. We should promote artistic creativity by devoting air time to music, drama and other forms of artistic entertainment

g. When contributors on live programs express controversial views, we should provide them fair chance to address questions raised to them

h. We should be alert to the fact that academics and other specialists may not necessarily be objective, and as such, make this known to our audiences

i. Vetting live contributors will be necessary to ensure they share our values

4.1.2 Fairness

It is the belief of One Accord Network Group LTD that fairness strengthens partnerships with stakeholders and audience members. As such we shall,

a. Uphold the values of fairness and transparency in all programming.

b. Respect and acknowledge views expressed by audience members

c. Allow contributors to sign indemnity forms so that contributors, and not the

media station are held responsible for whatever is said on the station

4.1.3 Fairness to contributors

To ensure that we are fair to our contributors, we should;

a. Explain to them the reasons for requesting their participation in our programs whether live or recorded.

b. Provide the details of the program to which contributors are invited including, the subject or theme of the program as well as the type and nature of the program. Let them know whether it’s a discussion, news or documentary program; debate, live or recorded), how they will be involved; the names of other likely participants; and when it is likely to be broadcast.

c. Provide a general outline of the extent of the topic and possible questions though it is recommended that questions should not be given in the exact detail and order in which they will appear.

d. Inform them of any changes that may occur before the time of their participation in the program before it is broadcast to check if their consent is still valid regardless

e. Inform them whether their contribution will be used in other programs

f. Make it clear of what we expect from our contributors with sincerity. This is important because it will help them to decide whether or not to give consent

g. Allow, where necessary or for legal, ethical or editorial reasons, contributors to pre listen to recorded programs or interviews under agreed on terms and without giving up our editorial control

4.1.4 Dealing with situations where One Accord Network Group LTD content is the subject of criticism.

One Accord Network Group LTD being responsible for the collection and transformation of information contained in any of its programs may be criticized for different reasons. When this happens and where it is absolutely necessary in order to assure audiences of our impartiality, our respect for their diversity of opinions and also to assure them of our commitment to fairness it may be necessary to respond to criticism using the most appropriate response platforms like our programs, and channels(TV, Radio, website & social media) etc.

a. Before any action is taken in as far as making our response public, it is advised that authority is sought from the media units management. This is necessary in order to:

b. Avoid making quick apologies as these may alarm the situation

c. Be accurate, impartial and fair in our response

d. Ensure that presenters and reporters as anyone involved in matters complained about are not placed in potential danger, embarrassment, conflict of interest or any situation or complication that is negative for the media station or individual content maker.

e. Exercise caution on how stories about our media station are presented

4.1.5 Impartiality in series

A series of programs may be defined in accordance with international broadcast standards. On this account, a series may be a number of programs ranging from a minimum of six related programs. In a series of programs impartiality may be achieved by taking the following actions:

a. Accommodate a diversity views to allow audiences make informed choices As is the case for single productions, it is important to exercise impartiality and allow for a diversity of views to enable audiences make informed choices.

b. Maintain a voice of authority on issues pertaining to faith or governance or matters where the station has in-depth knowledge

4.1.6 Impartiality in drama

Whether based on fiction of actual events, is used for communication, entertainment, promotion of social change or awareness or even advertisement. We can also use drama to express opinions, criticism or inform audiences on some important issues. As such in making drama programs like other artistic programs we should strive to achieve diversity of opinion, fairness, accuracy and impartiality.

We should be accurate, impartial and fair in the manner in which we;

a. Portray people, living or dead

b. Create and present characters

c. Present the setting: the place and time where events in the drama take place.

d. Decide & develop the plot or the manner in which events in the drama unfold

e. Explain the theme or subject of the story

f. Treat the subject in the drama

g. Present sensitive issues which some audience members may find offensive or disturbing

4.1.7 Portraying people in drama

We shall apply the values of fairness and accuracy when portraying people in drama to avoid misrepresentation of known facts. To represent people in drama programs, we should obtain their consent prior to production, or if they are deceased, from their relatives. However when this is not possible, we should seek the approval of the unit heads. In this case, the head’s approval shall depend on;

a. Clear public interest.

b. Fair portrayal

c. Substantial and verifiable body of evidence whenever

d. Practicability.

4.1.8 Personal view and authored programs

The station recognizes the fact that there are individuals, groups or organizations that may need a platform to reach a large audience with personal views or opinions on certain subject areas.

In this regard, we will provide such people the platform through live or recorded radio programs in line with our objective of availing opportunities to our audiences to make informed choices and decisions.

Examples may include;

a. Campaign messages

b. Views from authorities such as scientists, academics or correspondents

c. Opinions or views from audience members on well-known issues

We may provide people with information and a place to meet and campaign on specific issues including matters of elections, political or industrial controversy or matters relating to current public policy or community interest. One Accord Network Group LTD shall keep a neutral position on any personal views or campaigns.

One Accord Network Group LTD must vet and give guidelines to contestants to avoid foul utterances and obscene language. One Accord Network Group LTD has a right to eject or even stop the show if it does not keep to our values. Database of past interviewees will be necessary to determine who attends the show.

4.1.9 Protecting sources

In our quest to provide information to our audiences we recognize the importance of members of the community who are an invaluable source of information for our programs. When a situation arises that requires that our source of information desires not to have their details revealed for reasons ranging from their security to concerns about the authenticity of their information, we are mandated to respect our sources’ desire to remain anonymous. Consequently the following measures are recommended in dealing with the situation above:

When we agree to grant anonymity to any source we shall ensure a recorded version of the interview given is strictly kept under lock and key under the custody of the unit head or senior editor, and no other person within and outside the media station has access recorded details, written or electronic, that identifies a source in anyway, including administrative documents as well as personal information. Agree with the source, the extent to which anonymity will be granted

Extensively discuss the repercussions on the sources that will result from the discovery that they had given false or malicious information. Some of the repercussions might include exposure, police or legal action. Therefore, the only circumstance under which the identity of a source shall be revealed is when the they purposely use the station to injure others, or damage the reputation of the station.

a. Provide details of the sources to senior editors if their allegations are serious.

b. Assure the source of confidentiality on our part.

c. Disguise a source’s actual voice or writing to ensure its unidentifiable and untraceable to them. We shall take note to inform our audience when this approach is adopted.

d. Protect the identity of contributors in cases where material produced for our media station is rebroadcast on other platforms.

e. Guarantee protection of anonymous sources as long they respect the agreement.

4.2.0 Serving community interest

We shall produce programs that are appropriate to the communities as informed by proper research and analysis of information

4.2.1 Fairness

It’s our belief that fairness strengthens partnerships with stakeholders and the audience. As such we shall,

a. Uphold the values of fairness and transparency in all programming

b. Respect and acknowledge views expressed by audience members

c. Allow contributors to sign indemnity forms so that contributors, and not the station are held responsible for whatever is said on the station

5.0 PRIVACY

5.1.1 Policy Statement

One Accord Network Group LTD shall respect the privacy of individuals and institutions or groups of people to the extent that their right to privacy is guaranteed by the constitution of the country. In all our programming work, we shall seek to harmonize the individual, institution or group’s right to privacy with public interest and their right to freedom of expression, access to accurate information. We shall only report private legal behavior of individuals, institutions or groups when the behavior itself raises matters of public interest. When public interest arises, we are obliged to explain invasion into private life without their consent by showing a clear public interest.

5.1.2 Public interest

Public interest may refer, but not limited to:

a. Reporting criminal behavior or acts, anti-social behavior, corruption or injustice

b. Reporting anti-social behavior

c. Disclosing acts of injustice or lawlessness

d. Disclosing significant incompetence or negligence

e. Safeguarding human (or animal) life

f. Ensuring that people are availed with factual information on matters that affect

their lives. This should be in response to attempts by individuals or organizations to mislead people through misinformation

g. Availing people with information which they can use to make informed choices on matters of public importance

5.1.3 Public & semi-public places

Location can be used to establish an individual’s whereabouts and in some cases it can lead to the violation of the individual’s privacy because of conditions or circumstances attached to the location that may be suggestive of the individual, institution or group privacy. We therefore must take care when deciding to cover an individual’s private residence. We must under normal circumstances obtain their consent unless we have and editorial explanation that hinges on public interest.

In our coverage of events in public places or semi-public places, the extent to which we should observe privacy concerns will vary according to the nature of activities involved. For example, whereas a hospital is a public place, activities or events taking place in them maybe of a private nature.

When working in public areas, we should notify people of our activities to give them chance to avoid us if they so wish. For recordings that should not be made public, we should get approval from senior management or the a senior editor, particularly when using inconspicuous recording devices.

5.1.4 Behavior

We can also respect an individual’s right to privacy depending on their behaviors. When behaviors is criminal or grossly anti-social, the individual loses their privacy.

5.1.5 Consent

Unless we have editorial justification, our coverage of potentially sensitive areas such as hospitals, schools or prisons, should be based on two separate consents, one for gathering information and the other for broadcasting the material. Coverage or broadcast of material without consent or respect to privacy may only be justified by public interest.

We should respect any requests to discontinue recording or live broadcasts from individuals or organizations, unless we have editorial justification.

5.1.6 Mandatory referrals on privacy

Circumstances under which producers are mandated to seek guidance from senior editors or station managers are;

a. When using unattended recording equipment on private property without the consent of the owner, occupier or agent.

b. Plans to use for broadcast, any material that was initially obtained for note taking purposes only.

c. Material obtained by way of recording from an individual without prior notification.

d. People in live entertainment programs without their consent

e. Broadcasting secretly obtained material from third parties.

5.1.7 Secret recording

Under normal circumstances, consent must be sought before recording any material for broadcast but there are circumstances where it is editorially justifiable to undertake secret recordings, especially where obtaining evidence which may otherwise remain unexposed to audiences, but should be justified by public interest.

However this approach should be the least of our priority methods, and as such should be used only where necessary and for the right reasons to avoid it being misused or overused.

By secret recording is meant;

a. Using concealed or unnoticeable recording devices including microphones or cameras, cell phones etc

b. Recording events meant for broadcast in a manner that does not suggest that recording is being done.

c. Keeping people uninformed that they are being recorded

d. Giving an impression that an agreed on recording has ended when in actual fact it has not

5.1.8 Before under taking secret recordings, we should observe the following;

Consult senior editors who may in turn seek approval from the unit heads. We should document the consultation procedure for purposes of reference and monitoring the effectiveness of such approaches.

We should keep all records of approval or disapproval, in addition to logging in secretly obtained material.

We should note that decisions to gather material are made independently of decisions to transmit. (This implies that although there may be an approval to secretly obtain material, the use of such material for broadcast may be disapproved) to reuse secretly obtained. material for broadcast, we must seek guidance from a senior editor.

5.1.9 Secret recording can be editorially justifiable to disclose matters of public interest where:

a. Misbehavior or intention to commit a crime are evident.

b. An open method will obviously not produce desired results.

c. The recording will serve as evidence; and,

d. In circumstances where conditions or authorities may frustrate efforts to gather material normally.

e. For research activities to obtain unmodified data.

5.2.0 Undisclosed Recording for news & factual programs

We shall consider public interest in obtaining material secretly in the following cases;

a. Recording in a private place where the public has no access

b. Recording medical treatment

c. Recording recognizable people in unfortunate circumstances in public or semi-public places

We should avoid undertaking unplanned operations to obtain material on private in the absence of any evidence.

5.2.1 Secret Recording for entertainment programs

If need should arise that we must secretly record performers for entertainment programs:

a. Before making the decision to feature people on broadcasts without their knowledge, we should obtain the advance approval of the Station Manager.

b. We should obtain consent from those in charge of the performers where it is possible. Additionally, we should render unidentifiable, any persons whose consent we have not obtained in material that may cause them embarrassment.

c. We should obtain consent from persons we record secretly on any device.

d. We should ensure that any material obtained secretly does not subject people to undesirable consequences such as embarrassment.

e. When we are requested to discontinue secret recordings, we should comply. We should also destroy material obtained by secret recording when we are asked.

5.2.2 Using material secretly recorded from outside sources

When we are offered material obtained using secret methods, we should seek counsel from the senior editorial. In addition, to decide on the use such material, we should take into account public interest as well as compliance to the provisions of our editorial guidelines.

5.2.3 Electronic note-taking

For purposes of maintaining accuracy and collecting evidence, we can use electronic devices without requesting consent. However, we should make it clear that such information shall not be broadcast.

Should it become necessary to broadcast material initially intended for note taking only, we should seek the approval of the senior editor, who may give consent in retrospect

5.2.4 Door-stepping

By door-stepping we mean recording or attempting to record an interview with a person for broadcast without their prior knowledge or an arrangement with them.

We can undertake door stepping by phone or in person; in public or private places, as well as for a range of programs from news to entertainment.

We should use door stepping only when it is the only approach available to us to obtain material. To this effect, we should observe the rules on door stepping stipulated by the editorial guidelines of the media station.

5.2.5 Gathering daily news

For news stories, we can interview public figures for broadcast without making prior arrangements and regardless of the place

5.2.6 Research

Researchers can use the door-stepping approach to obtain information by phone or in person or taking advantage of the presence of people in certain contexts

5.2.7 Door-stepping for factual programs with prior approach

When we have intentions to obtain material through door stepping with the person who has not responded to our requests, we should seek the approval of senior editors. Such approval may be given when it evident that;

a. The person concerned has not responded to requests

b. The person’s objections to an interview are baseless.

c. The person has in the past refused to be interviewed

5.2.8 Door-stepping for factual programs without prior approach

We should seek the approval of the station managers in advance for any plans to record an interview with someone we have not made arrangements. Such approval may be given when there is evidence that public interest is at stake or when an open method will not work.

5.2.9 Recording on private property

Before recording on private property, we should obtain prior consent, except in places where we have reasons to believe illegal or anti social behaviors is being exposed.

Where a legal occupant of a private property requests our departure, we should comply.

We should consult legal guidance when we intend to access a private property and are not sure of trespass law.

5.3.0 Tag along raids

A tag along raid is when we go with police, customs, immigration or environmental health officers or other public authorities on field operations. However, we should only do so having taken into account public interest, editorial and legal implications on privacy concerns which may emerge as a result of our operation.

When we decide to go on a tag along raid on private property we should:

a. Make it known that we are obtaining material for ONE ACCORD Media.

b. Request consent from the occupant.

c. Depart the premises when consent is denied except where there is public interest

5.3.1 Reporting suffering & distress

When reporting accidents or other events that show human suffering or distress, we should harmonize public interest with people’s rights to privacy or protection from unreasonable portrayal of their situations.

If we should decide to interview people who are distressed for any reason, we should seek their cooperation through third parties particularly relatives or friends. As much as possible we should:

a. Avoid forcing interviews on them.

b. Refrain from pursuing them through phones or other forms of communication as well as home visits.

c. Leave their property when asked to.

d. Desist from tracking them when they move.

When making a decision whether or not to broadcast public expressions of grief or distress, we should firstly, take into account whether or not we have obtained consent from the people concerned; and secondly the likelihood that our broadcast may be disturbing to our audience. To this effect, when we decide to broadcast, we should explain briefly to our audience in advance to ensure they understand the intentions our broadcast.

5.3.2 Covering funerals

Unless there is public interest, we should always request the family’s approval to cover funerals.

5.3.3 Revisiting past events

We may revisit past traumatic events, taking note to inform surviving relatives of one that was involved in an event of private nature but with public interest. In so doing, we should avoid causing distress to surviving relatives as a result of recording or broadcasting the content.

5.3.4 Use of library material of scenes of suffering, distress and trauma

Before using library material which is traumatic, we should comply with restrictions set for use of such material. Such material should be used when there is editorial justification or after concerned relatives or contributors have been consulted.

Where contributors object to re-use of material, we should take into account public interest and seek the approval of senior editors.

5.3.5 Personal Announcements

By personal announcement (message)s, we mean notifications about death, illness, missing persons or any other such tragedy submitted by families for general broadcast. We shall subject such messages to editorial scrutiny for information that may be deemed private, embarrassing or distressing. Additionally, we shall broadcast messages either for free or at an administrative cost.

a. For missing people’s notices, we should assume editorial control to ensure that the content will not cause embarrassment, distress or expose their privacy.

b. Except where prominent figures are involved or where events are newsworthy, we may charge a fee for announcements of weddings, bridal showers or other such events. Announcements for such events may be regarded as advertisements.

5.3.6 Using material from outside sources

For recorded material from sources such as public departments, organizations or individuals, we should check for accuracy and compliance with legal requirements before we broadcast. This is more so when we do not have an established relationship with the contributor.

5.3.7 Personal information

When we collect personal information such as names or addresses, we should explain the purpose of obtaining such information. This serves to promote transparency in our work.

We should refrain from disclosing personal information of contributors to third parties without their consent. Where we have consent, we should set contractual terms outlining how the information will be used as agreed by station management and the contributor.

We should take into account child protection laws and age restrictions when obtaining personal information from children.

6.0 TAKING CARE NOT TO CAUSE HARM AND OFFENCE

6.1.0 Policy Statement.

In our quest to satisfy and increase our audiences, situations are bound to arise where individuals, institutions or groups of people may feel offended or harmed by the way we collect information from them, the tools we use or the way they are portrayed. It is our policy to ensure that as much as we can we should ensure that circumstances that may cause harm and offence are handled with the utmost care and attention. We shall therefore take precautions to ensure our information gathering methods, tools, portrayal of individuals, groups and institutions do not cause harm and offence. This section therefore is about what we must do to avoid causing harm and offence and what we must do in the event that despite our honest, ethical approach to information gathering, harm and offence are caused among some sections of society.

6.1.1 Broadcast material placement

Audiences have high expectations of our media station. For example, they expect that what we broadcast is credible, honest, and educative and that it shall not cause them personal or group embarrassment. To meet their expectations we must ensure that:

a. The placement of programs for broadcast takes into account the possible composition of the audience in terms of age range and the times they are likely to be listening to the media station including during school days, holidays or weekends.

b. We are sensitive to expectations attached to a particular slot which maybe contradicted by content. For example, a morning time slot is expected to carry informative content to help people make it through the day. When such a slot is filled with a program on making babies, this could disappoint older audiences and it may be deemed inappropriate by younger sensitive audiences.

c. We must be alive to the likelihood of offence or harm that could result from result of misleading the audience or addition of difficult material that is way beyond the comprehension of audiences.

d. We must take care to clarify and simplify and where possible exclude difficult or challenging content.

e. Check that the slot is suitable for the content suitable taking into account special events such as festivals, traditional ceremonies or commemorations of major events that that could for example introduce or inflate associations, prejudices, hatred, discrimination and embarrassment etc.

f. The program that comes after the slot in which potential harm or offence may have been caused should help to uplift people from their disappointment. In the same breath, when content of a previous slot has avoided causing harm and offence, the preceding slot must not produce a reversal effect.

6.1.2 Furthermore we should:

a. Exclude from our broadcast any material that could damage the physical, moral or mental development of children.

b. We should plan the broadcast of material inappropriate for young audiences at times when they are not likely to listen (without adult supervision)

c. Provide opportunities to audiences to decide the appropriateness of material for themselves or their children by giving indicators of the nature of the material we should be aware of the audience’s expectations.

6.1.3 Sign posting

As stated above, the diversity of audiences we serve entails that people have different sensitivities to whatever is broadcast. This sensitivity may arise from language use, the mere mention of events and places, portrayal or reference. It is therefore important that where we cannot avoid excluding information that can cause potential harm or offence, we prepare our audiences so that they can decide to avoid listening or take any necessary precautions. This is called sign – posting.

6.1.4 News Bulletins

When broadcasting news, we should signpost content which may possibly distress audiences particularly young people.

6.1.5 Program Scheduling

To keep programs relevant and in line with audience expectations we should take note of the time specific audience members are likely to be listening. As such, when planning programs, we should be alive to the sensitivities that may be attached to different subjects at particular times.

a. In the event that we experience problems during live broadcasts, we should address them immediately and sensitively.

b. In as far as playing music is concerned, we should ensure it does not contain offensive lyrics before it is played.

c. When programs have contentious material, we should take note to warn our audiences in advance on air as a way of helping them understand our intentions

6.1.6 Broadcasting for children

When planning programs for children, we should take note that children are easily influenced to act on what they hear. As such, we should exclude from any programs for children, material or content that they are likely to imitate thereby exposing themselves to danger

6.1.7 Violence

a. At all costs, we should sign post any programs that have portrayal of violence, real or fictional.

b. When we report real life violence or its after effects, we should harmonize the need to be accurate with the risk of distress on the part of the audience.

c. We should ensure that our programs do not promote violence or anti-social behavior unless there is editorial justification for reporting or portraying violence.

6.1.8 Protection of children from violence

Unless there is editorial justification, we should exclude, from our broadcast for children, any content of a violent nature which children may possibly imitate, thereby exposing themselves to risky behavior.

We should also ensure that material containing unnecessary violence, whether verbal or physical, is not broadcast when children are particularly likely to be in our radio audience. Any such portrayal of verbal or physical violence, or its after-effects, should have editorial justification

6.1.9 Violence against Animals

We should exclude from broadcast any content depicting violence on animals by human beings.

6.2.0 Sex

If we should broadcast programs that feature content of a sexual nature, we should take care that our audiences are not harmed, offended or embarrassed by our content. There must be exceptional editorial justification to broadcast content with sexual connotations.

a. We should ensure that programs do not contain depictions of sexual intercourse except when the purpose for doing so is editorially justifiable as educational.

b. We should refrain from broadcasting programs portraying unsuitable behavior or open sexual conversations except when there is a strong exceptional editorial justification.

c. In situations when some audience members might find open discussion of sexual themes unacceptable or offensive, we should provide an exceptional justification for broadcasting such programmes.

d. At no instance should we broadcast any content portraying sex between children and adults.

e. We shall not broadcast any programs supporting homosexuality and/or LGBTQ

6.2.1 Portrayal

As much as possible and for editorial reasons, we should aim to portray fairly all people regardless of their context. However we can portray unfair realities as they are in our society but we should ensure that our content does not show support for that.

a. We should refrain from using content that promotes discriminatory behavior or attitudes based on ethnicity.

b. We must show respect to the different cultures of people as much as possible.

c. We must ensure that cultures that are not legally acceptable or go against the

Christian faith get proportionate response from a relevant authority.

6.2.2 Covering illegal drug and alcohol use

In attempting to report public attitudes and behavior realistically, we should take care not to be seen to be promoting or supporting unacceptable behavior particularly to children.

o We should not feature, on programs meant for children, any content that openly depicts use of drugs and alcohol unless there is exceptional editorial justification.

6.2.3 When covering alcohol and drugs use, we should :

Address with accuracy and realistically the social and health effects of drug and alcohol abuse.

a. Be aware of the legal & social implications of reporting on alcohol and drugs.

b. Disclose less details about solvent abuse and illegal drug use

6.2.4 Covering Suicide, attempted suicide and self-harm

When reporting suicide, attempted suicide or self-harm, we should be sensitive in our depiction whether in drama or factual programs, making sure to give less detail. Additionally, we should ensure that we do not package content in a manner that is likely to portray suicide as attractive, and as such we should use language appropriately. Where possible, we should consider offering information on possible sources of information

o Before deciding to depict suicide, attempted suicide or self-harm, we should seek the authority of the Editorial Committee.

6.2.5 Tragic events

During and in the aftermath of tragic events, we should exercise sensitivity to avoid offending our audiences

6.2.6 Witchcraft

Any decision to broadcast content depicting witchcraft should be based on public interest or education purposes. However such content should not be understood or designed to promote witchcraft.

6.2.7 Acquired programs

We should check acquired programs prior to broadcast to ensure that they comply with our Editorial Guidelines and are appropriately timed.

7.0 REPORTING CRIME & ANTI- SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

7.1.1 Policy Statement

Our communities abhor and repudiate crime and all forms of anti-social behavior. People in the communities we serve expect us as part of our responsibility to them, to play a significant role in making communities safe and peaceful. As such they do not expect us to engage in or to be seen to be making programs that encourage crime or anti-social behavior. We are obligated therefore, in our quest to better serve our audiences, when we report on crime and anti-social behavior, to avail our audiences with factual information, packaged in a manner that will not cause alarm. As such, we should aim to be accurate with statistics and the context of our reporting.

In light of the foregoing:

a. We should package our material for broadcast in a manner that is not likely to promote crime or provoke disorder.

b. Any decision to cover crime should be driven by a strong public interest motivation and regard to the victim’s privacy.

c. We shall exclude from our broadcast, any details with regard to criminal techniques which may promote further crimes.

7.1.2 Compulsory referrals on crime reporting

In reporting crime or suspected criminal activities in detail, producers must seek the guidance of the department heads for plans to:

a. Conduct an interview with a criminal, a suspect, escaped prisoners or people who are wanted by police in Kenya.

b. Cover the identity of anyone trying to escape the law.

c. Gain access to a prison for the purpose of interviewing a prisoner without

permission from prison authorities.

d. Identify by name, pedophiles or sex offenders who have served their prison.

terms but whose names have not been publicized by the Kenyan Police.

e. Record a specific and serious criminal activity.

f. Offer payment by cash or in kind to criminals, former criminals, directly or

through their agents, friends or relatives in exchange for interviews or material

related to their criminal activities.

g. Pay or promise payment to obtain information to someone who is likely to be a witness in ongoing criminal proceedings.

h. Pay to obtain material from people whose behavior is grossly anti-social.

i. Hand over transmitted material in connection with litigation/submit to

authorities transmitted material required for court proceedings.

j. Recruit in any capacity, a person known to have a criminal record or antisocial behavior.

k. Endorse a job application of an undercover operative undertaking investigative work for our media station.

7.1.3 Dealing with criminals.

We are obliged to seek the approval of the Editorial Committees for any intentions to interview a criminal, escaped prisoners or people wanted by the Kenyan Police.

However, we should take note of legal restrictions or implications of our intentions. In attempting to interview convicted criminals, we should ensure that our work:

a. Does not portray crime as attractive.

b. Excludes such details of the crime that it maybe duplicated.

c. Reflects respect to the judicial process in spite of the criminal acts.

7.1.4 Witnessing illegal activity.

We should seek the guidance of the Editorial Committees or legal officers in the event that we intend to cover or witness possible acts of crime. Such approval may be granted when public interest is evident. However, as we cover the crime, we should;

a. Refrain from supporting the criminal behavior.

b. Ensure not to initiate any criminal behavior.

c. Avoid being involved in the event .

d. We should be aware that any material we obtain in covering crime scenes may be required for police investigations or evidence in court should there be a prosecution of an accused person.

7.1.5 Describing of illegal activities.

If we should describe illegal activities, we should exclude from our broadcast, details such as ‘how-to’ techniques, unless with special editorial justification. We should ensure that our work does not depict criminal activities in such a manner as to make committing crime attractive.

7.1.6 Dealing with underage persons involved as a witness, victim or accused.

In covering investigations into criminal activities including those where children are involved, we should avoid disclosing identities unless we have editorial justification or there is legal public interest.

7.1.7 Interviewing witnesses or potential witnesses

When interviewing people who have witnessed a crime, we should take note of legal implications or restrictions of our interviews. We should further refrain from interviewing witnesses about their evidence when court proceeding are underway.

Where it is necessary, we should seek the guidance of the department heads. When we have the opportunity to conduct the interview, we should record it for purposes of our own protection from possible allegations.

7.1.8 Identifying victims, witnesses and sources

Where we are legally required to conceal the identities of people involved in crimes, whether as witnesses, victims or perpetrators, we should comply. In reporting past crimes committed, we should be aware that the people involved as witnesses, suspects, offenders, victims may have changed their identities for purposes of protection. As such we should work in a manner that respects their changed identities.

7.1.9 The impact our reporting of crime may have on our audiences

In reporting past criminal events which may likely distress the victims/and or their families, we should take the responsibility of ensuring that they are informed of our intentions in advance. This also applies when we try to contact them through third parties such as the police or prison wardens.

8.2.0 Considering the families of criminals.

When reporting about criminals, we should aim to protect their immediate families from unjustifiable distress and any negative commentary that may cause them to feel guilty by association even when there is no evidence

8.2.1.Investigations into crime & serious anti-social behavior

In deciding to obtain material of crime or anti-social behavior through investigations, we should put in place, a plan to guide our operation. We should also ensure that there is evidence of the matter to be disclosed and that the exercise is taking into account public interest.

We should further seek the approval of Editorial Committees to undertake investigation of crime or serious anti-social behavior

Before we undertake an investigation or seek editorial and legal guidance of such an investigation, we should reflect on the following:

a. Appreciate our sources with regard to their background and possible motivation for their cooperation.

b. The reasons for using undercover methods to obtain material or evidence.

c. Alternative methods of undertaking the exercise we seek to do.

d. The likely results of the exercise

e. Ultimately we should protect the identity of anonymous sources.

In as far as we use secret recordings for investigations, we should ensure that we appraise our approaches regularly. At all times, we should seek the authority of the HOD to undertake secret recordings, for each planned exercise. the station authorities can give approval in retrospect only under justifiable circumstances

In the event that a person with a known criminal record or background of illegal activities applies for employment at our station in any capacity, including as an undercover operative, media management must approve the application.

a. We should be aware that in the event of a successful investigation, law enforcement agencies may request our cooperation either through interviews or as witnesses to the events we recorded.

b. In undertaking investigations, we should be able to identify the risks as a result of the activities we are undertaking, such as confronting a violent criminal; or as a result of the nature of the event itself, as in the case of public riots or disorder.

8.2.2 Disguising identities

With regard to the identity of people involved in criminal or anti-social behavior, we will only protect such identities for these reasons;

a. Legal requirements.

b. To protect the identity of a contributor.

c. Disclosing criminal acts where individuals cannot be held responsible for their action.

d. To avoid committing an offence by exposing innocent people in a tag-along raid.

e. When people for various reasons including vulnerability are not in a position to give consent.

f. To protect contributors from any action, including suffering injury, which might be taken against them as a result of broadcasting material.

8.2.3 Interviews with prisoners

Should a situation arise where it is imperative that we must interview prisoners, especially for the purpose of serving public interest, we must use honest means to gain access to prisons. We should obtain permission from prison authorities. We should seek the guidance of the Editorial Committees where we are unable to get permission and circumstances call for us to use methods that may not be open or transparent.

8.2.4 Payments to contributors

In the interest of our reputation, respect for the judiciary and our sources, we shall not offer or make payments in any form, directly or indirectly to obtain material from criminals, former criminals or their relations.

We may, however pay a reasonable fee for an exceptional contribution in public interest, which would not have been possible to collect without any payment.

Should it be necessary to pay criminals, former criminals or their families, associates or witnesses before judgment is made, we should consult the Editorial Committees for their authority.

With regard to payment of witnesses, we should only provide compensation where they have lost earnings as a result of their contribution to our programming, and not necessarily for their role as a witness in the proceedings.

We may pay a person who could be a witness in a likely criminal prosecution when there is public interest or the payment is necessary to obtain information. Should this be the case, we should reveal the payment to both defense and prosecution officers in the event of a trial and the person is called to be a witness.

We should avoid paying any person involved in notorious behavior in order for us to obtain material.

Where there is an exception, we should seek guidance from the Editorial Committees.

8.2.5 Covering Pedophiles and other sex offenders

The release from prisons of pedophiles or other sex offenders may provoke strong reactions in their communities. As such, while we should cover any such reactions for public interest, we should ensure that our broadcast or portrayal of such individuals does not;

a. Make community members feel threatened enough to take action. Confuse the identities of the offenders.

b. Give reason to the offender to evade supervision and likely commit the same offence again. Invade the privacy of the ex-offender.

c. Subject families of both the offender and the victim to unpleasant situations or even danger.

d. We shall conceal the identities of pedophiles or sex offenders who have served their sentences and have been released, if the Police has not publicly revealed them. Where disclosure is necessary, we should seek the authority of the Editorial Committee to go ahead.

e. When covering pedophiles or sex offenders, we should not give details of their identities such as home addresses. Additionally we should seek guidance from the Police to report sensitive material to enable the police respond to concerns which may be raised by the victims or their family.

f. Should we intend to conduct interviews with convicted pedophiles or other sex offenders or those just released from prison, we should seek counsel from our legal representative or Editorial Committee.

8.2.6 Using Crime material from library

Should it be necessary to use material on crime from a library, we should;

a. Avoid using one incident to demonstrate a trend.

b. Avoid using the material of one crime to demonstrate another. Conceal the identities of people involved and seek legal guidance in the use of such material particularly when litigation is involved.

8.2.7 Handling Requests for un transmitted material.

In the event that the Police, legal courts or other authorities established legally demand that we hand over to them material contained in programs that we are yet to broadcast, the Editorial Committee reserves the authority to respond to requests for un transmitted material.

When third parties demand un transmitted material for various reasons, whether or not to consent without a court order, depending on certain circumstances we should be aware that willingly availing un transmitted material could:

a. Endanger the staff at the media station.

b. Frustrate future efforts to gather material.

c. Lead to it being used as evidence.

d. Reveal the identities of anonymous contributors we guaranteed protection.

e. Lead to breach of contractual obligations.

f. Lead to the violation of the rights of the third parties.

By denying or limiting access to un transmitted material, our aim is to protect our editorial integrity

8.2.8 Handling Requests for transmitted material

For transmitted material related to court cases or complaints, whether pending or ongoing, we should consult the Editorial Committee. We shall consider other requests for transmitted material,

a. When financial, legal, copyright and editorial implications allow for copies to be made.

b. Upon payment of fees which should cover the cost of making the copy available as well as legal costs.

c. On having a documented agreement that the material will be for private rather than commercial purposes.

9.0 POLITICS AND PUBLIC POLICY

9.1.1 Policy Statement

Everyday, in our quest to better serve our audiences, duty calls on us to play the vital roles of surveillance warning and assurance. On account of this, we inevitably have to report on, analyze, interpret and educate people on important matters of politics and public policy. As we do our work we should be aware of the difference and interconnectivity between politics and public policy and how the two have a bearing on the welfare of our audiences. We should be careful to identify the points at which politics and public policy differ from each other and where possible strive to keep them separate in order to give our audiences access to different political views.

To effectively achieve this we must aim to:

a. Provide equal space to politicians of different political parties.

b. Conduct unbiased but probing interviews.

c. Have competent people to interview politicians.

d. Respect the views of the people being interviewed

e. Not give any payment to Government leaders.

f. Refrain from broadcasting live political rallies except programs on politics.

g. Keep to a minimum airing political adverts and we must make it clear such adverts and programs are sponsored by political parties.

h. Provide equal coverage to all political party representatives in constituencies.

i. Be factual and accurate in reporting politics and public policy.

j. Engage competent people to carry out opinion polls.

k. Broadcast the polling procedure with information from the IEBC

9.1.2 Editorial Standards on political impartiality

As a media station we are politically neutral. Our neutrality though does not stop us from interpreting political matters for our audiences. In order to maintain high ethical editorial standards and political impartiality, we should:

a. Ensure that we are truthful and unbiased in the manner in which we handle any content of a political nature, industrial controversy or public policy.

b. Refrain from expressing opinions on matters of political nature, public policy or current affairs.

c. Abstain from any campaigns or refuse to be used for campaigns.

9.1.3 Conducting Political interviews

When conducting interviews of a political nature, we should:

a. Provide adequate information as to the purpose and context of the interview.

b. We should also plan in away that will enable us to ask questions which the audience would expect us to ask.

c. Not allow the interviewee to drag or bulldoze the media station.

d. Remain impartial.

e. Remain independent and not allow the politicians to run the interview.

9.1.4 Interviewing political party leaders

In the event that we intend to interview leaders of political parties for programs other than news, we should seek the guidance of the Station Manager or editorial committee in advance.

When our invitations are turned down, we should inform the Station Manager to ensure;

a. We remain credible and independent in the manner in which we deal with political party leaders, when there is demand for coverage by more political party leaders,

b. We can restructure the bids.

c. We give chance to all political leaders to feature on TV in the long run.

9.1.5 Working with Political contributors

In the event that we invite a politician to a discussion unrelated to politics, but on a subject in which they are specialists, we should ensure that they limit their contribution to the topic at hand. This will prevent them from having undue advantage over other leaders.

9.1.6 Payment to Government Leaders

We should not normally pay government leaders for their contributions to our programs. However when sponsors of a program insist that we should pay contributors we should comply having checked that such payments do not compromise the values of our media station. We may also consider making payment to contributors when it is absolutely necessary. A case in point is when such payment would help in meeting transport costs for contributors who volunteer to provide information and do not necessarily ask to be paid for their contribution.

9.1.7 Political broadcasts and advertisements

When handling paid for political broadcasts and advertisements from political parties, we should:

a. Make it clear that the content comprises the views of the party and no the views of the media station.

b. Give equal platform to all political parties.

c. Ensure that the political parties use their own voice or other voices and not that of media station’s staff.

d. Ensure that they comply with our editorial guidelines and regulations, such as observing the law on libel, incitement and violence.

e. Make it clear to our audiences that political party broadcasts and advertisements are not endorsed or supported by our media station.

9.1.8 Broadcasting during elections

We must deliberately and painstakingly highlight to the stakeholders some of the advantages that would accrue to the nation as a consequence of holding, free, fair and transparent elections. Among them are;

a. Reduced abuse of public resources that can go towards development programs, participation by all,

b. A fair legal framework in place which protects humans as well as

c. The legitimacy and confidence of citizens in elected officials.

When covering election campaigns, we should be alive to possible allegations of bias and political interference in our work particularly with regard to editorial independence. For this reason, we should pay attention to any complaints about unfairness levelled against the media station. We should refer these allegations to higher authorities of the station. We shall give all political parties equal time but ensure that political party agents do not interfere with the station’s operations and independence.

9.1.9 Reporting elections and campaigns

Prior to any election or referendum, the editorial committee and management of the media station shall release guidelines agreed upon by the Editorial Committee. The guidelines so produces must be in line with the provisions of the constitution of

Kenya regarding media coverage of elections. In addition, the guidelines are to be in conformity with the provisions of the Electoral Code of Conduct regarding media coverage of elections.

On the actual day of elections, we shall cover campaigns from 05.00 in the morning until polling stations close. Any coverage will be limited to factual reports such as voter turnout or the presence of politicians at polling stations. We shall avoid any broadcasts that will be seen as influencing voters.

9.2.0 Reporting at election time

We shall at all times endeavor to inform ourselves of the important aspects of the voting system, electoral laws, laws governing international and local observation delegation/monitors, political advertising guidelines, access to state media, provisions of the electoral code of conduct etc.

We shall further ensure that while it is important to cover and consult experts and political party candidates as well as their agents, the voices of the voters must be given space in our coverage throughout the electoral process.

9.2.1 Covering the electoral process

We must ensure that the entire electoral process is adequately covered in order to help our audiences make informed decisions and choices. As such we shall endeavor to collect all necessary information for onward communication to our audiences on the following stages of the electoral process:

a. Elections legislation (the enactment of laws governing elections).

b. Delimitation of constituencies.

c. Registration of voters: during this stage we will focus on many issues like how

those tasked with the responsibility of conducting voter registration may

unreasonably restrict the voting process,

d. Candidate nomination by the party,

e. The campaign period,

f. Voting and counting as well as announcing of results.

9.2.3.Elections as a human right

Every human being regardless of race, religion or color is protected and must enjoy same human rights.

We shall emphasize and communicate to our audiences that everyone has the right to take part in the governance of their country either directly or through freely chosen representatives. It will be enormously prudent to sensitize the people that the will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government. This in essence shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal

suffrage be held by the secret vote. This and more human right related issues will be explored and shared at length during the project implementation.

In light of the foregoing, when covering the electoral process we shall focus our attention on important issues in the process among them possible disenfranchisement of voters though:

a. Unreasonably restricting the registration process.

b. Unreasonably restricting candidate eligibility

c. Failing to properly list registered voters

d. Failing to distribute voter identification cards

e. Requirement for unreasonable supplemental voter identification

f. Systematic complication of the electronic process

g. Incomplete distribution of the election materials

h. Fraud, such as stealing ballots, stuffing ballots, destroying ballots, misreading, miscounting

i. Providing misleading reports to the media, voting more than once, trying to remove indelible ink

j. Logistical problems, including insufficient number of ballots, ballots missing for certain parties

k. Insufficient ink that washes off, inadequate secrecy of the vote, missing officials, missing voter registers, no artificial lights in case of KPLC power failures.

9.2.4 The Role of Electoral Process Stakeholders in corruption Prevention

It should be noted that the conduct of elections in Kenya is the responsibility of the Electoral Commission of Kenya (IEBC).

During our coverage of the electoral process we shall impact such knowledge to the stakeholders so that it is clear for them to draw lines and differentiate the mandate of various institutions in the electoral process. In so doing, it will be easy to work closely with these institutions to prevent corruption in the electoral process. For example, the community must be exposed to messages that create a deeper understanding on various forms of corruption and other malpractices that can occur in the electoral process which they are expected to report to the Anti-Corruption Commission for prosecution.

We shall educate audiences to demand that each stakeholder in the electoral process adheres to its mandate to attain a transparency electoral process.

We shall conduct interviews on and produce programs that will ensure that stakeholders understand the definition of an election monitor, the essence of election monitoring and the roles and conduct of the electoral process stakeholders, and tips by stakeholders to maintain a reputation as a credible reporter of election events.

9.2.5 Reporting elections in a foreign country

In the event that we cover elections in another country, we should apply the values of fairness and impartiality. We should also be alert to the conditions under which elections are being held in that country, specifically when there are allegations of biasness and inaccuracies.

9.2.6 Commissioning opinion polls

In the event that we initiate an opinion poll by telephone, over the internet or face to face, we shall conduct ourselves in a manner that should reflect our independence and integrity to avoid being seen as biased towards a specific view point. We should also ensure that such a poll is not seen as our media station’s interference in an ongoing contentious debate. In addition:

a. We should seek the guidance of the Editorial Committee for any plans to initiate or support an opinion poll that claims to assess support for political parties or attitudes towards voting.

b. We should generally avoid running joint polls with other organizations as they often carry particular problems of impartiality in their presentation. In conducting opinion polls, we should refrain from working with other organizations to avoid allegations of partiality.

c. We should seek the authority of the Editorial Committee for any plans to conduct an opinion poll on public policy.

9.2.7 Covering opinion polls

When covering the findings of opinion polls on voting behavior conducted by a polling organization, we should be cognizant of the following:

a. Results of the poll do not make a lead of news bulletin or program unless they produce a headline story which can only be understood in the context of the results.

b. We should not be seen to support a particular party.

c. We should avoid using analysis of results made by those who commissioned the poll in the first place.

d. Findings of voting intention polls should be covered in the context of patterns.

e. Use words that do not show conclusion, such as suggest, claim, allege

f. State the names of the organization(s) which initiated or carried out the poll.

g. In news coverage, we should state how the field work was done, including the dates , activities which may have had important impact on the poll, as well as

the methods used to conduct it, i.e., by phone, email or face to face etc.

h. For polls other than those aimed to assess voting intentions, we should be sure to state the nature of such polls in terms of sample size, margin of error, dates when conducted as well as the name of the organizations involved.

9.2.8 Covering Polls at election times

We should not report the results of an opinion poll on election result until after the voting closes.

9.2.9 IEBC Corruption Prevention Policy

The corruption prevention policy is a key tool which can help all stakeholders to follow its prescriptions to the latter with a view to preventing electoral malpractices. The code of conduct is a statement and description of required behaviors, responsibilities, and actions expected of electoral stakeholders to ensure we have a free and fair elections. The electoral code of conduct focuses on ethical and socially responsible issues and applies to electoral process stakeholders providing guidance on how to act during the electoral process.

We must ensure that we are familiar with and every member of staff of the media station has a copy of the document so that we can better educate our audiences.

This is important because we are then meeting our obligation of enlightening the general public on the expected behaviors of the stakeholders during the electoral process. Knowledge of the provisions of the document can go a long way in helping community members to prevent, detect and report unethical or electoral malpractices to relevant entities.

9.3.0 Surveys

When we plan to conduct surveys of, for example, parliamentarians or civic leaders, we should request the approval of the Editorial Committee. Additionally it should be made clear that they are surveys, not polls. The results of such surveys should be presented in straight numbers even when we want to include percentages

9.3.1 Working with Focus groups and panels

a. In working with focus groups or panels, we should be aware that the views of such groups may not necessarily be representative of the entire population. As such, they should be used as reference to estimate voter support to parties.

b. To understand the extent to which certain views are held, we can work with focus groups or panels, but only when they are thoroughly selected.

c. Before we initiate research on political parties, through focus group, we should seek the guidance of the Editorial Committee well in advance

9.3.1 Using Phone-in and text votes

When we initiate voting by phone- in or text messaging on certain subjects, we should be aware that participants are self-selected and as such not necessarily representative of the entire population. To this effect, any reports should clearly show that the results represent the views of the audience at the time of the exercise. We can present the results in percentage forms when we are aware of the actual number of participants. Such results should not be used to gain exposure or be included in our news programmes.

If we decide to conduct votes by phone or internet, we should observe the following:

a. When we allow phone-in or text votes at the beginning and end of a specific programme, we should not report the results in a manner that implies a change in opinion by the voters.

b. We should avoid phone-in or text votes to collect serious data on support for political parties.

c. We should seek the guidance of the Editorial Committee on any plans to use such voting on political or contentious public policy matters.

9.3.2 Working with Studio audiences

Should we use straw polls in our work, we should make it clear that the views expressed do not mean anything else other than opinions of participants, even though they may be selected to be generally representative

9.3.3 Vox pop

When using Vox pop, we should make it clear that a Vox pop only stands for one side of an opinion. However when used on political or public policy issues, they should be edited for the purpose of reporting both sides of an argument. When collecting views using Vox pop, the station should,

a. Identify the topic beforehand.

b. Get views from across section of community members.

c. Make tight editing before airing.

d. Approach media friendly people.

10.0 CONFLICT, TERROR AND EMERGENCIES

10.1.1Policy Statement

Kenya is generally a peaceful country, our media station has a major role to play in ensuring that the country continues to experience peace and that our audiences are educated on the need to live with one another at peace and avoid acts of terrorism.

We have an obligation to educate audiences on the dangers of terrorism and how they ought to react if by any chance an unanticipated act of terrorism occurs in any community. In the same vein, though the country is not at war, or is not experiencing terrorist acts we still have an obligation to conduct our broadcast programming in such a way that we do not encourage war or terrorism.

10.1.2 Conflict

In times of conflict, we should be alive to the fact that communities will rely on our media station for truthful news and fairness in reporting. To help them understand events, we should ensure we provide unbiased analysis of a broad scope of views and opinions. We should be aware of general fears and concerns for loss of life, human suffering and distress. We should exercise sensitivity in dealing with such reports.

When terrorist acts have occurred, we should inform our audiences promptly, accurately and comprehensively, taking into account that improper use of words can damage our authority as a source of reliable information.

10.1.3 Editorial Standards on covering conflict

In situations of differing information, we should state the sources of such material. Information from third party sources should be signposted.

Where information is censored, monitored or withheld, we should make our audiences aware of this, including the conditions under which we are operating.

In reporting the conditions of conflict or war, we should be aware that the nature of our reporting is just as important as its credibility. As such, we should respect human dignity and reflect the reality of conflict or war as it is, that is, we should not report it in a way that makes it less distressing when in actual fact it is.

In times of conflict, we should ensure that other scheduled programs do not include content which may be unsuitable in relation to the conflict.

10.1.4 Mandatory referrals to Editorial Committee

In respect of mandatory referrals producers should seek the guidance of the Editorial Committee when;

a. A member of staff of our media station may be in violation of matters related to law on terror

b. There is a plan to interview an individual or organization responsible for terrorist acts.

c. There is a plan to transmit material obtained from a staged event in or out of the country, where threats are made against Kenyan citizens.

10.1.5 Covering Threats and hoaxes

a. When a warning or threat of a bomb is sent to the media station by any means, we should notify appropriate authorities immediately before broadcasting it.

b. We should refrain from disclosing any sensitive information not generally known that may contribute to or aide an attack. Similarly, we should avoid mentioning as possible targets, people who, or institutions which may not be in danger.

c. Except where there is evidence such as cancellation of a public event, we should avoid reporting threats against identified individuals.

10.1.6 Covering Staged events

We should seek the guidance of a senior editor for any plans to cover an even organized by banned organizations with a record of terror acts.

10.1.7 Hijacking, kidnapping, hostage taking and sieges

In reporting hijackings, kidnapping or any form of hostage taking, we should be sensitive of the information we broadcast as perpetrators of such acts may be listening to the media station.

When hostage takers make demands, we should broadcast such demands. We should also reflect on whether providing space to hostage takers poses ethical questions. In as far as maintaining our editorial control is concerned, we should;

a. Refrain from interviewing a perpetrator or transmitting their audio messages on live broadcasts.

b. Seek the authority of senior editors before we broadcast recordings of events, victims or violent acts made by perpetrators.

c. Ensure to delay live broadcast of sensitive but unpredictable situations, such as a siege, which may not be easily edited for broadcast.

When we find ourselves in a situation where we are covering hijacking or events in which human life may be at risk, we should seek the advice of security authorities such as police, to ensure we do not unknowingly aggravate the situation. We should also observe requests to withhold information, but should only do so without compromising our editorial independence of knowingly reporting inaccuracies. In the event of police request that we do not report anything, we should refer to our guidelines on how to respond to such requests.

10.1.8 National security

When we report on matters that border on national security or state secrets, we should seek the counsel of senior editors to ensure we work within the legislation on such matters.

10.1.9 Covering National & international emergencies

When reporting the number of victims in disasters, we should be aware that there may be varying reports and as such, we should obtain information from sources with the most authority or credibility.

When reporting injuries or deaths as a result of disasters, we should ensure no to state the names of victims unless their next of kin have been informed.

10.2.0 Demonstrations, disturbances and riots

When we report demonstrations, disturbances or riots, we should;

a. Refrain from broadcasting information that may promote such situations.

b. Leave promptly when our presence is seen to provoke the situation.

c. Interrogate any information we receive and name the sources of figures.

d. Strive to report objectively. When unable to obtain another angle of the situation, we should use what have in broader view.

e. Where we are broadcasting live events that are so violent as to distress our audience, we should delay the broadcast or use later when such material is edited.

10.2.1 Covering Hostile environments, high risk activities and events

we should request the authorization of the Station Manager for any plans to operate in high risk events or hostile situations, which include war or conflict zones, civil unrest, lawlessness or public disorder, or even severe weather conditions. The information is important in determining the appropriate equipment for the assignment.

11.0 CHILDREN

11.1.0 Policy Statement

Children and young people form a larger part of the populations of our audiences.

Children and young people are so important in the existence and development of our communities, that it is only fair to ensure that in all our programming work, issues about children are treated with utmost fairness, accuracy and impartiality. In addition, because of children and young people’s vulnerability to be harmed by content generated mainly by and for older people, it is important that we do everything within our means to protect children and young people from intentional or accidental harm that may be caused by our content or programming.

We must ensure that their interests and safety concerns are protected regardless of their religion, social, economic, cultural or physical status.

By children here, we must refer to any person under the age of 18, and a young person, anyone aged between 19 to 25 years. We are obliged to help children and young people develop into responsible citizens by providing them with both entertaining and educative material. In this regard, we should make broadcast decisions in the best interest of children and in line with their rights to speak and participate in matters that affect them.

Important points to note when working with children.

a. When working with children to gather or broadcast content, we should aim to protect their physical and emotional wellbeing. We should also ensure that we obtain consent from their parents or legal guardian.

b. Any decision to work with children in creating or broadcasting content should have editorial justification. In addition, we should aim to ensure that the children’s involvement in broadcast work does not distress them in any way.

c. It is important that there is harmony between the protection of children from inappropriate content and their right to freedom of expression and access to information.

d. Generally we have a responsibility to protect children from all forms of vices including but not limited to:

o Child labor.

o Child abuse.

o Pornographic manuals, programs, music, films and drama. o Harmful traditional cultural practices.

11.1.2 Obtaining Consent from Children

Before we involve children in programs or interview them, we should request consent from their parents or legal guardians. Additionally, we should avoid asking children to express views on matters which maybe beyond their understanding or capacity to answer adequately without consent.

When working with children and young people in broadcasts, we are expected to;

a. Explain the details of the program to parents or guardians to enable them give informed consent.

b. Request a child’s consent to participate in programs, taking into account their age and understanding of what they are expected to be involved in. We should also respect a child’s objections to participate in our programs.

c. Request parental or guardian consent for children to participate or contribute to our programs. However, we may not be required to obtain consent to record Vox pop on non-contentious subjects like favorite games.

d. Where parents or guardians object to their children’s contribution or participation, we should seek guidance from senior editors or the Editorial Committee. Should we decide to forego consent, we should have an editorial justification, or base our decision on public interest or freedom of expression

e. Explain to the child, the consequences that may occur from their participation, for example such as bullying.

f. Refrain from providing finance incentives as a way of obtaining consent. We can meet certain expenses when they are justifiable.

g. If we have to interview a school going child in the school premises or during school hours, we should seek permission from the head teacher.

h. We should seek the authority of senior editors or Editorial Committee in a situation before disclosing a child’s personal details to a third party without consent. This is especially in case we suspect child abuse.

i. For interactive programs by telephone involving children, we should ask children to seek permission from their parents or guardians to use the phones.

11.1.3 Children and young people as contributors

In so far as involving children in both production is concerned, we should take note of the likely effects of their involvement even when parental or guardian consent has been granted:

a. When we intend to interview children on sensitive subjects, such as abuse, illegal drug use or anti-social behavior, we should seek guidance from child specialists on the effective and child friendly approaches. We should also work with the specialists to help children understand the long term impact of their participation in our programs.

b. When discussing sensitive topics, we should be sure to invite the presence of a third party, whom the child is familiar with. This is important because it will help protect the child’s interest while at the same time enable the child to feel safe in an unfamiliar environment.

c. While we should provide a platform for children to express themselves, we should be alive to possible inaccuracies in their self-expression. To this effect, we should speak out on any anti-social or criminal behavior on the part of children.

d. When covering children involved in antisocial or criminal behavior, we should conceal their identity unless there is editorial justification for doing so. When we are not sure of how to proceed, we should seek the guidance of senior editors.

e. In the interest of protecting children from possible harm, and when we have editorial justification to do so, we cannot disclose the identity of a child whose parents are involved in antisocial behavior or criminal activities or expose children to risky activities like selling drugs or child labor.

11.1.4 Improving children’s welfare and development

In order to contribute to the improvement of the welfare and development of children we declare that:

a. Children have the right to be heard and as such, we shall broadcast programs for them, about them and with them every day.

b. We shall accord children the opportunity to make programs and to broadcast under supervision.

c. Senior management of the station shall be held responsible for lack of content on children. we shall allocate appropriate time and space to children’s programs.

d. We shall work with the Human Rights Commission of Kenya to promote Children’s rights.

12.0 CONDUCTING INATERACTIVE PROGRAMMES WITH AUDIENCES

12.1.1 Policy Statement

Broadcasting is evolving with the proliferation of communication technologies that are making it possible for people to engage more often and closely with our media station. Many other changes happening in the nation and the lives of the people of the communities we serve entail that people are seeking more and more opportunities for up-close and personal interaction with the makers of the content they are exposed to.

We are obliged to listen and whenever possible to ensure that we create platforms for interaction with our audiences. This is one the most reliable and effective ways in which our work will continue to be relevant and in tune with the realities and aspirations of the people we seek to serve.

When broadcasting interactive programs, we should aim to avail the audiences with opportunities to engage in meaningful communication, make contributions or participate in competitions. We should ensure that the programs are clear and involve as many people as possible. In doing so, we shall remain fair but objective in the execution of our programming.

11.1.1 Why interactive programs

Interactive programs and projects designed by this media station are aimed at ensuring that the gap that may exist between the producers of content and the consumers (audiences) of the content is narrowed to the barest minimum. It is a way to ensure that we do not only work for the audience but we work with the audience.

This is an acceptable way of encouraging ownership of our programming by the community. We should therefore ensure that all interactive programs are thoroughly planned for maximum effect.

On account of the foregoing, we should have clear editorial objectives for interactive programs in line with audience aspirations. We should also refrain from disclosing any personal information collected from participants, with their consent, for purposes of the program.

11.1.2 Phone-in programs

When conducting phone in programs we should;

a. Explain the nature of the program and the terms before we invite callers to participate.

b. Read the text messages off-air before they are read on-air.

c. Understand the Editorial Guidelines and other legislation on how to handle challenging situations resulting from phone-in programs particularly those on sensitive issues such as child abuse.

d. Where a contributor intends to share a controversial story, we should take note of the effects of airing such a story, and possibly refer it to editorial committee for guidance.

e. Be on standby to mute the caller through the profanity delay.

11.1.3 Competitions

When conducting competitions we shall remain fair in competition coverage. We should be sincere in testing skills, knowledge or judgment depending on our target audience. We should make known the rules of the competition in the interest of transparency. Where competitions are sponsored, we should preserve editorial objectivity. We shall not air exaggerated adverts that discredit other products.

11.1.4 Prizes

We should ensure that prizes presented to winners are age appropriate. When the prize is sponsored by organizations in return for on-air acknowledgement, we should ensure to retain editorial credibility regardless of the sponsorship.

11.1.5 Voting

When we include voting as part of our interactive programs, we should make it clear in our reporting that the results of such voting represents only those of the audience who participated. The station shall remain fair and unbiased.

12.0 Religion

Policy Statement

Religion is an important part of the existence of our audiences. We recognize that in as much as religion unites people, it can also be a source of division among people.

We recognize that Kenya is constitutionally a Christian nation and we shall therefore ensure that we give a greater part of our religious programming to programs of a Christian nature. We also recognize that the constitution of Kenya allows for people who belong to faiths other than Christianity to practice their faiths without hindrance.

On the whole, we must therefore ensure that our handling of religion in our programming is a unifying rather than a dividing factor.

On this account we shall

a. Not attack any religion.

b. Accommodate all religions news coverage.

c. Hold meetings with religious leaders to seek clarifications on issues we do not

understand or where we suspect community tension may arise as a result of individuals or groups of people who belong to a particular religion appearing on our programs.

12.1.0 Reporting religion

In reporting religion, we shall,

a. Be accurate and impartial in our depiction. As such we should avoid falsehoods, abuse or discrimination as judged by generally accepted standards

b. Show respect to any aspect of religion including reference to scriptures, images, names, observing holidays, deities or language. Failure to do so may result in misunderstanding or perpetuating religious intolerance.

c. Explain the purpose of any program with a religious theme as well as mention the specific religion involved.

d. Encourage contributors to respect other faiths they do not belong to.

e. Address objectively any claims of special religious powers made in programs, and ensure that such programs are not broadcasted when

children are likely to be in the audience.

f. Allow paid for religious programs charged at current commercial rates.

However in broadcasting such programs, we should make it clear any views expressed do not reflect those of One Accord Network Group LTD.

g. Not accept programs aimed at supporting outlawed religions or cults

h. Accommodate all religions in news coverage.

i. Stick to Christian values.

j. Uphold moral values e.g. Only air Christian programs that are presented by authorized persons (doctrinal, moral and social teachings)

k. Respect the position of the church in the areas of condoms promotion use, beer, family planning and other stand the church will take as long as it agrees with the position of the One Accord Network Group LTD mother ministry; Deliverance Church Kenya

l. All groups and individuals within the Church and in society have equal rights to justice and their good name. Any program must fall within the questions: (Philippians 4:8) Is this true, noble, right, pure, lovely admirable, excellent, praiseworthy – also it helpful?” (Not everything that is true is helpful)

m. Any program about the Church, or referring to the Church, must promote the true nature and identity of the Church

n. Any program of major importance to the Church should be done in consultation with the Mother Ministry pastoral team and the editorial committee before broadcast.

13.0 HIV and AIDS

13.1.0 Policy Statement

We recognize that HIV and AIDS is one of the most serious crises facing our communities today. We have a responsibility to educate our audiences on matters of prevention of becoming HIV positive, care and support for those living with HIV and AIDS. We are obligated to produce programs on and be involved where possible, in community support activities regarding HIV and AIDS using a human rights approach that ensures that people living with HIV and AIDS are not discriminated against in anyway (gender, race, tribe, religion, profession e.t.c)

a. We shall ensure that matters of HIV and AIDS are streamed into our programming because we recognize that HIV and AIDS is a social issue impacting on our audiences. In order to achieve .

b. Seek to constantly observe and update ourselves on the trends and patterns in HIV and AIDS

c. In all we do in our coverage of HIV and AIDS we commit ourselves to probing the links between HIV and AIDS and stories about other issues.

13.1.2 Choosing topics

When selecting topics for our programs on HIV and AIDS we shall:

a. Ensure there is an even spread of coverage on prevention, treatment and care.

b. Ensure that sub-topics are highlighted within the areas of treatment and care.

c. Explore the connections between HIV and AIDS and other important dimensions like gender, poverty.

13.1.3 Choosing sources for HIV and AIDS programs

When selecting sources for programs on HIV and AIDS we shall in addition to the principles of fairness, accuracy, impartiality and diversity of opinion e.t.c, ensure that:

a. People living with HIV and AIDS are consulted fort heir opinion and with their consent given opportunity to be interviewed.

b. Ensuring people living with HIV and AIDS are not consulted or interviewed along lines that may promote stigmatization, stereotypes or cause harm and offence. Examples; race, gender, tribe etc.

c. We give coverage of HIV and AIDS fair and equal space/time to women and men’s voices.

d. We give fair and equal space/time to women and men living with HIV and AIDS

e. To the extent that some people living with and affected by HIV/AIDS are difficult to reach, we shall make sufficient effort and ensure enough resources are set aside for human interest and investigative journalism

13.1.4 Telling the HIV and AIDS story

The HIV and Aids story must be treated as special assignment because of the sensitivities and potential harm that can result from a casual approach. To ensure that every HIV and AIDS story is told more ethically we shall ensure that:

a. We must give the HIV and AIDS beat the same status as other beats, such as courts, political, financial, beats etc.

b. Our coverage reflects a holistic and realistic view of people living with HIV and AIDS, and such people should appear in the full spectrum of activities in which they engage.

c. People living with HIV and AIDS are not reduced to their status only.

d. A person’s HIV status in a story is not used as a label or to promote disclosure.

e. People living with and affected by HIV and AIDS are not excluded from the story in certain categories because of their status in society otherwise the coverage of the story may raise critical questions as to why this is so.

f. We shall not apportion blame on the subject.

g. All subjects are treated with dignity.

h. Our stories must challenge and nor reinforce stereotypes.

i. Our stories must examine the underlying issues.

j. We must approach our stories from a human rights perspective.

k. The experiences and concerns of people living with and affected by HIV and

AIDS are not trivialized in any way.

l. Every story about HIV and AIDS is fair, accurate and balanced.

m. Special care is taken in covering children living with or affected by AIDS.

13.1.5 Language

The language we use when covering stories of HIV and AIDS can either build or destroy people living with HIV and AIDS. We must commit to observing and learning the changes in the language of HIV and AIDS.

Here are some suggestions on the appropriate use of language in covering HIV and AIDS:

a. We must avoid language that promotes stigma and discrimination e.g instead of saying AIDS carrier we should say a person living with HIV and AIDS

b. We must use language that is inclusive and does not create or reinforce a ‘them/us’ mentality.

c. We should not use language that is drawn from the context of war like ‘the struggle against HIV and AIDS’.

d. We should use language that is value neutral, gender sensitive and empowers, rather than disempowers.

e. We should use descriptive terms, which are preferred by people living with HIV and AIDS.

f. We should not use words like ‘body fluids’ in relation to HIV transmission, because some fluids like saliva, sweat, tears do not transmit HIV. It is better to specify the fluids that can transmit the virus like blood, vaginal fluids. Semen, breast milk.

g. We should use the word ‘patient’ when referring to an individual who is in hospital or when the story focuses on medical treatment.

h. We should avoid using a host of acronyms that have crept into the language of HIV and AIDS such as PWA, PLWA.

i. We should not refer to people living with HIV and AIDS as ‘HIV Infected’, ‘HIV positive’, ‘AIDS

j. The adjectives used must be objective and relevant, they should not convey any biases or stereotypes

k. Physical description must be avoided unless it is relevant to the story. Eg. Does it apply equally to men and women?

l. Language that promotes hype and sensationalism must be avoided.

13.1.6 PROGRAMMING, MARKETING AND ADVERTISING

13.1.7 Programming

a. We shall have special spaces/slots for HIV and AIDS-related programs

b. We critically think about the form these programs take. Interactive programs are recommended.

c. We shall include people with HIV in our programming.

d. We shall make sure to cover positive living.

e. We shall involve people living with HIV and AIDS in the development of programs on HIV/AIDS as interviewees and more preferably as presenters.

f. We shall create HIV/AIDS programming targeted at young people, especially

young women.

g. We shall make available programs on HIV and AIDS during primetime when the largest number of men and women are likely to be listening to radio.

13.1.8 Advertising

a. We shall seek the advice of the editorial committee when there is a conflict between the commercial/financial demands of advertising and HIV and AIDS education/sensitization.

b. We shall adhere to and where possible develop internal codes on the use of misleading, unsubstantiated, sensational advertising on HIV and AIDS treatments.

c. We shall check all advertisements/messages on HIV and AIDS for the promotion of stigma and discrimination or harm and offence.

d. We shall scrutinize all HIV and Aids adverts to ensure that they portray diversity of people with HIV and AIDS and not only as sick and incapacitated.

14.0 Reporting Gender

14.1.1 Policy Statement.

The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights compels all human beings on earth to desist from discriminating against people on account of their sex. The declaration affirms all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and that everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth therein, without distinction of any kind, including distinction based on sex.

Being a media station that is in a country which is a signatory to the United nations Declaration of Human Rights, we recognize that discrimination against women violates the principles of equality of rights and respect for human dignity, is an obstacle to the participation of women, on equal terms with men, in the political, social, economic and cultural life of their countries, hampers the growth of the prosperity of society and the family and makes more difficult the full development of the potentialities of women in the service of their communities and of humanity.

In all our programming we shall ensure that both women and men are accorded information and opportunities to access and use information to improve their access to food, health, education, training and opportunities for employment and other needs that are essential for individual and community development.

Our obligation to serving our communities with the highest level of professionalism, and integrity places on our shoulders an important responsibility of ensuring that in all our programming we promote justice, equality and equity and balance when dealing with gender matters. In order to achieve this we shall at all times:

a. Ensure that our stories and programming have a balance of sources representing different views. Men and women will be interviewed unless it is absolutely impossible to obtain the views of women in particular.

b. We shall use gender sensitive language. Below are examples of gender insensitive language (left) and gender sensitive language (right)

GENDER INSENSITVE GENDER SENSITIVE

     Anchor-man Businessman Businessmen Cameraman

Cleaning lady Craftsman

Draftsman

Gentleman’s agreement Housewife

Maid Houseworker Man hours

Man power

   Anchor

Business person/executive Business community Camera operator

House helper, housekeeper Craftsperson

Drafting technician Honorable agreement Homemaker

House helper, housekeeper Work hours/ person hours Work force

a. We shall encourage women to work on stories and projects that are not traditional like cookery, women’s magazine etc.

b. Ensure that fair and equal space/time is given to both men and women’s voices in our coverage.

c. Ensure that in our coverage of community and national events, we reflect a holistic and realistic view of women and that women appear in the full spectrum of activities in which they engage.

d. Ensure that when reporting on women we shall not riddle our stories with adjectives and descriptions pertaining to the body and appearance.

e. We shall ensure that where senior women are available for comment on particular issues, even those that are not directly about gender, we shall not seek the views of subordinate men. We shall give the senior women priority to make comment.

14.1.2 Covering gender specific crimes

When covering gender specific crimes (like rape, sexual harassment and child abuse) principles of reporting crime and anti social behaviour apply. Imputations of blame towards the victim should be removed from all copy – as should questioning the veracity of the victim’s story.

14.1.3 Dealing with gender stereotypes

Stereotyping refers to a situation where a person is reduced to a mere instance of a characteristic. Gender stereotypes are socially constructed beliefs about men and women. In our reporting and programming work we must be alert that we do not promote stereotyping, particularly of women. We must pay particular attention to the vehicles through which gender stereotyping is perpetuated in our communities. Some of these are:

o Sayings

o Proverbs o Songs

o The media o Religion

o Custom

o Drama performances

In addition we shall be careful not to broadcasting materials that perpetuate gender discrimination and stereotyping when we come across material that contains:

o Innuendos.

o Suggestions.

o Hints.

o Comments with sexual overtones.

o Sex-related jokes or insults.

o Graphic comments about a person’s body made in their presence or to them. o Inappropriate enquiries about the person’s sex life.

o Whistling of a sexual nature.

o Sending by electronic means or otherwise of sexually explicit text.

15.0 Accountability

In all our operations, we should remain answerable and transparent to the communities we serve to gain their confidence in our work. As such, where we are unable to meet their expectations of us, we should take action to improve. We should also treat our communities as partners and as such we should seek their counsel as need be.

15.1.1 The Board

The role of the Board is to serve as trustees of public interest in addition to;

a. Endorsing operation guidelines for ONE ACCORD Media

b. Providing guidance on ensuring objectivity and accuracy in content

c. Ensuring that One Accord Network Group LTD meets requirements of fair trading

d. Assessing objectively, ONE ACCORD Media’s performance and handling of matters

brought forward by audiences

e. Recruiting the Station Manager for ONE ACCORD Media.

f. Issuing the annual report

g. Guiding ONE ACCORD Media in addressing concerns and acting on editorial appeals

Organizing the Annual General Meeting

15.1.2 Handling Feedback and complaints

In order to serve our audiences better, we should allow for them to provide feedback to our work. In addition, we should address with utmost respect and promptly, any concerns they may raise against us. As such we make known to them, information on how their concerns can reach us. We should address any complaints within five working days. We should also inform them of opportunities to appeal to senior staff such as the Editorial Committee when they dissatisfied with our response to their concerns.

The Editorial Committee serves to address concerns related to failure to comply to set editorial standards or editorial responsibilities. As such the committee should ensure that where need be, One Accord Network Group LTD issues apologies or corrections on air. Where there is dissatisfaction with the Committee’s response to a concern, we should seek the involvement of the Board.